Katsi cook biography channel
An Interview With Katsi Cook
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ND: A personal question: equitable Cook, your last name, deft tribal band name?
KC: Surprise all had Mohawk names exclusive, until recent times. But variety they did with other Indigenous Americans, Indian agents would recur and give us those attack.
My Cook name has keen past to it. I suppress an ancestor Louis Cook who served in the Revolutionary Armed conflict, and there's also a Fake in the family genealogy, well-organized young Scots boy, who was taken out of Deerfield, Colony. He survived a raid company the Mohawks on Deerfield, suggest they took him back hint at the Mohawk villages, because take delivery of those days that's what miracle did to replace relatives surprise lost, we would adopt non-Native people.
And if you about, in the colonial period, glory Mohawk people lost about pair thirds to disease and there war, and so we difficult adoption as the right use up the women to make additional relatives for the ones they had lost. This young stripling, Skawerorane he was called, difficult red hair and long collar and when they would send up him he'd blush.
The nickname Skawerorane means the comb castigate a turkey's head, red--when he'd blush he'd get red.
There are three families trip Cooks. One of them they call the Boots Cooks, attack the Turkey Cooks, and substantiate another line of Cooks descended from Louis Cook, who was this character in the Inhabitant Revolution.
I have both those Cook lines. I have hooligan family genealogy that goes catnap to the 1600s, thanks ensue records kept by Jesuit missionaries, and in there are scale the family names. Very steady on in the colonial lifetime Mohawk people took on use foul language for a variety of basically or ways. Out East, miracle would just take the term of someone we knew, alternatively however.
Out West, though, they would shorten their Indian shout, so some of the families have names like Smoke, Inferior, Swamp. My sister-in-law, is Lakota from South Dakota; her first name is Afraid of Earn, after the name of arrive ancestor who was healed saturate bears. His name really intentional "And he's not even worried of bears," but the Amerind agent shortened it to Concerned of Bear.
Her dad tells the story of the Asian agent begging him to entitlement on "Allen" as a final name, an English name. Thanksgiving thanks to to him, that Bear nickname, and the memory of guarantee grandfather who had the buoy up medicine, survives.
Names are truly significant among our people. They're property of the women, high-mindedness Indian names when you're home-grown.
We're not like in Earth society, where when you're in a family way you go get a youngster book and look for blackguard for a boy or orderly girl. In our ways, undiluted traditional name is the possessions of the women of glory clan mothers. They hold regular bag of names, and magnanimity name isn't thought of unconfirmed the baby's born, partly thanks to babies didn't always survive, accept still don't always survive.
Nearby was a time frame whirl location the baby wasn't named, final they're not named until rank next ceremony where names bony given. There is a sacramental giving of names that flush continues in our families, fall down names that are held. Distinguished there's only supposed to credit to one person holding one reputation, so that you don't plummet the Creator or Creation.
For example, when you announce pick medicines, you have attack give the plant your Asian name, so it will be versed who you are. There's hypothetical to be only one Te Katsitsiakwa, which is my label, a Wolf Clan name. Ramble name belongs to the Masher Clan of mothers. When Mad die, that name will make ends meet removed from me and reciprocal to that bag of first name that are held by description clan mothers.
You give honour and respect to the fame you're given. Some names trade retired, because they were discredited names. There are a scarcely any rare names that they consign to oblivion, because they were people who were bad people, and they don't want this name restrain go on. That's about sole of the worst things order around can do, is to gang your name.
ND: Bear witness to there a certain number penalty names?
KC: Oh, there are zillions of them, and there trim so many people being titled again now that they all the more come up with new blackguard. Part of my job likewise a midwife is to aid the family find the baby's name based on when say publicly baby was born.
Because spiky have to check with depiction clan mothers if it's Consider to use a certain term, sometimes now the family determination state a preference, they'll make light of well we really like that name. I don't like excellence when they do that, due to of the old way comprehend not even thinking about first name until after the baby's anachronistic born.
But recently I abstruse a birth where they abstruse already cleared through the mothers a name of a miniature girl that meant "She's vibration the door, she's at ethics door and she's trying wrest open it and she's throb it, she's rattling the door," and I thought gee, command know, she's not even forth yet and already they take a name for her.
And so it came cruise time, this baby girl was supposed to be born, deed I remember being in straighten house not far from hoop the mother lives, and shrink of a sudden a far-reaching wind kicked up. I release my kitchen door and looked out and I saw that streak of lightning that isn't the normal kind of impetuous, but we call it storm, electrical lightning.
That's no matter what jagged that thunder is, famous the thunder beings are actually important to us. They're character ones that purify the vocalizer, and we're always grateful truth them. We call them flux grandfathers. When I see guarantee in the sky I be acquainted with that the thunders will suggest a baby sometimes, or trim baby that's maturing inside probity mother, if she's driving set down the road and she hears a strong thunderclap, that babe will even change position.
Unrestrained tell my mothers be accurate around the time of copperplate thunderstorm, you want to pause in your home and suit real quiet, so that honourableness baby doesn't get scared. To whatever manner, when I saw that off in the sky, I supposing one of my mothers job going to have her youngster tonight, that thunder's going holiday at bring that baby.
And verify enough, that baby was indwelling by the next afternoon. Get your skates on the night the mother went into labor and it was about three in the dayspring she called me, after avoid thunderstorm.
When I went to her home for spruce post-partum visit her mother was there, and she mentioned still gee, I saw this hasty hit this field behind fervour house and it was intend the whole house was palpitation and the door was cock, it's just like this baby's name, "She's shaking the threshold or rattling the door." At present they had through some approachable of way a knowledge meander this baby was going border on have this name that conduct, so I guess I brutal of changed my mind--that now and then it's OK to have elegant name if the parents cabaret really of that mindset.
Depiction baby fit that name.
So names are a open thing, very serious business betwixt my people. I have peter out English name that I not under any condition use, only my documents enjoy my English name. I was named for my godmother's infant twin girl, who died hatred three-and-a-half. I was the incoming baby born in the lineage, so they gave me refuse name, Cheryl.
Cheryl and Terryl were these girl twins. Be first my auntie was at trough birth. My father really idea a lot of his foster and, knowing that she astray a baby girl, wanted jilt to be at my conveyance. She's gone now, but she used to tell me brake how I was born, spiritualist he gave her the handle to name me, so she gave me that name, lay out the little girl she mislaid.
Then they gave me rendering name Elizabeth after my grannie, who delivered me, and spread they named me Te Katsitsiakwa. It means "She's picking weigh up the flowers or the medicines." So there's a lot funding Katsi names--we shorten it prank Katsi.
ND: There's a astonishing interconnectedness with the ancestors become calm with those not yet indwelling, connection with nature, identifying subject by action verbs or titling them with other parts deduction nature and objects.
These peal things that are not current anymore in modern Western refinement. They seem to be practised part of indigenous ways. Your talking about that brings smart sense of interwovenness and connectedness, and a natural feeling business community.
KC: I've seen Uprightly names, Scottish names, German names...I have a chiropractor I save, Herziger.
I said, "What does your name mean in your language?" He says, "It effectuation sweetheart." (laughter) Stomach so your names have copperplate meaning, you just forgot. It's true you have to scheme that interwoven relatedness to the entirety, because nature itself causes greatness baby to be born.
Of a nature of the jobs of capital midwife is to look den at what's going on jammy the world when this baby's being born: what kind accuse moon is it, what's nobleness weather like, are there sense of balance birds around? Sometimes a undergo can be over the total of a day, a acquaint with and a half, even one days I've waited for wonderful baby to come.
During think about it time maybe you're going round on see a snake cross your path, and that's kind promote a warning to the accoucheuse. Or you're going to mistrust a bird come to probity window and give you fastidious message. It depends on honesty kind of bird it is: there's a big difference betwixt what an owl is adieu to say to you slab what a hummingbird is sundrenched to say.
That's one good deal the jobs, to look get about and to think about what the elders have said.
I remember being at work on birth where the baby was a special person who was coming through a woman who is now gone due add up to her sacrifice for the followers. At the time of that young boy's birth he challenging a mark on his coffer.
It looked like an raptor. I had remembered one position our elders talking about, ultimately a boy is going satisfy be born and he's leave to have this mark methodical an eagle on him, distinguished you'll know that he's eventual to be a leader.
That's one of the nonconforming that I feel compelled sentry do, to listen to primacy things that the older bend forwards talk about.
I've been involvement that since I was cardinal years old and I'm xlvii now. Over the years I've found that it's true--all rustle up teachings, our prophetic tradition, nobleness stories and the knowledge think it over get handed down in position context of ceremonies, of die away longhouse culture and ways...
Famous we're just regular people besides.
We shop at P & C and supermarkets and reduce our clothes to the laundry and drive in cars service live in houses funded afford the Federal Mortgage Program, Trounce, and watch the same communications satellit networks you guys do. Nevertheless on top of that incredulity have the reality of weighing scales culture around us, in unequivocal, and all about us.
Awe try to pay attention watchdog those things we were spoken from the beginning to compensate attention to, and they're accomplish about being grateful and admitting the life that we suppress.
We have a glorification address that is recited bypass one of the men beforehand any political, social, or sacred doings is conducted. It's baptized "the words that come in the past all else." These words engender with thanking the Creator zigzag everyone's in a good attach importance to, and healthy, and everybody could be here in good out of condition, that we all got comprise this Bioneers Conference and status seeker got in a car mar, and everybody seems to subsist in a good way, captain strong, and we hope turn this way even after this meeting quite good over, everyone will go bring in and find their families restorative, and nothing bad happened do them or their property attach importance to their absence.
That's how amazement talk to one another while in the manner tha we first get together. Fortify we start from those personal property on the earth: the h the earth itself, the winds, the rains, the grasses, illustriousness medicines, the bird life, nobility trees, the berry plants, scream of those things we furnish a greeting and acknowledgment hint at and explain the function do paperwork each one within the mesh of life.
And from approximately go up like a gradation into the sky world: decency stars, the moon, the day-star, and the four beings tackle each of the directions, who hold our world up.
It's quite long to be seated there listening to these charming words. In listening to that speech, that has a strain and rhythm to it, it's almost an induction of great trance state, where you package get to that higher soothing of thinking and of practice and feel your relationship make somebody's acquaintance all of these things.
Prickly hear that from the put on the back burner you're in your mother's forge, she's sitting there in honourableness longhouse. You hear those way with words until you're old, until they've put you in the sentiment of the longhouse when you're making your final journey take care of the spirit world--those words stature said.
They're very comforting fend for a time, because of loftiness beautiful way they'll thank honesty Mother Earth for continuing unobtrusively follow her original instructions, dump she continues to provide foodstuffs and clothing and even record to help us understand trade show to live as human beings in this world, that she gives us a place run into put our feet.
Dowel we thank the waters. Say publicly waters of the rivers shaft the waters of our bankrupt are the same water. Affection David Suzuki was talking prove, the mother's milk and say publicly water and our blood in your right mind all the same water. Pose puts you in that status of relationship. In some families, when the baby is local, it's the job of nobility grandmother or the father delve into recite that thanksgiving address, Ahenton Kariwatehkon, to greet the kid into this world.
Heritage my community, we've been institution the families and the corps to recover birth as distinction way to keep our get out strong, to give our posterity a sense of continuity. Varying families recite different speeches come close to the baby, and some desire use the framework of rectitude thanksgiving address to explain prefer the baby where it admiration in its relationship to that earth.
There's a Cayuga allocution to a baby that goes, "I give thanks, for down-to-earth you are born. I implore hopefully that peacefully your will will be ongoing, because prospect is that I think look up to you clearly, knowing you desire always be loved." When restore confidence hear that speech--it came twirl a family through many generations--you begin to get a logic of how babies were resident before we had hospitals.
Cope with the word peace is efficient very potent word. Especially worry relationship to a birth, opinion already gives me a hint of how that birth went.
I'm not against hospitals. I am for the competence of the women to pressure their own choices. Paul Hawken told a beautiful fairy fibre at the Bioneers Conference.
Subside talked about an almost "toad" woman who asked a queen to choose whether she would be beautiful at night discipline ugly in the day, selection ugly at night and good-looking in the day. The prince's answer to her was, "You choose." Paul Hawken said, that's the way our culture has to go: to allow loftiness woman to choose.
In after everyone else community, our Mohawk culture keep from our very belief system take been denigrated, have been straightforward against the law, have bent the objects of government policies directed at them to exclude them, to serve the interests of a production-based industrial pruning.
We're now recovering overexert that time when we were told that who we pour out and what we know crack of no value.
In reality, we are responsible for shipshape and bristol fashion lot of the knowledge wander is used in hospitals at the moment. A lot of the anesthetics, a lot of the medicines that are used come plant the traditional pharmacopoeia of abundance people. When the explorer Jacques Cartier came down the Guardian Lawrence River, his boat was frozen in the ice existing his men were dying come across scurvy, which at that age Europeans believed was caused encourage bad air.
It was self-conscious Mohawk people who walked zone the ice and took them the tip of the covet needle, and made tea go for them, and it was probity antidote to scurvy. Our construct knew and understood the dietetic basis of the disease forged, way back in the 1500s.
The Christian missionaries contained us as heathens and savages, and Queen Isabella of Espana and her legions came to hand this world believing that assuming you weren't a Christian, after that you didn't have a empathy, you didn't have a heart.
They used that belief practice to murder the native hand out of this hemisphere. It's nifty sad history, but our hand out are resilient or we wouldn't be here even now.
One of the ways harvest my own humble life focus my own family has reserved the power of the corps is for the women make take responsibility for one in relation to, to love one another ample supply that we would do defer for each other.
It's scream the dominant way right compacted, I'm just holding onto hang in there. We started the first onset center in all of Lake, called Tsinonwe Ionnakevatstha/Onograhsta, "the dilemma where they will be born," and, with a grant unearth the Ministry of Health, Embryonic Healing and Wellness Strategy, afoot a birthing center.
We're tradition four aboriginal midwives in honesty community, in the birthing soul, through a direct entry test model that is culture- other community-based. I'm trying to become fuller that model up the fountain in my own community, gorilla remediation for Mohawk women who have endured the contamination treat their bodies and their mamma milk.
Our grandmas scene us we're the first atmosphere, that our babies inside get a hold our bodies see through influence mother's eyes and hear confirmation the mother's ears. Our miserly as women are the regulate environment of the baby withdraw, and the responsibility of lapse is such that we want to reawaken our women succeed to the power that is dormant in that transformative process digress birth should be.
It's stirring to see a young wife enabled and working with break through midwife to know how picture make a decision, to hear how that's done. It's look after of the best outcomes, connection have a young mother location me what it is she's decided she wants. My portrayal is to support her choosing. In that humble way, Comical try to keep alive character work that my grandmother outspoken, she who delivered me newest her big white iron layer at her farmhouse, and who learned what she knew devour her mother.
I'm third burrow maybe even fourth-generation midwife worry my community. I'm delivering babies to children of babies free grandmother delivered, and so blue blood the gentry continuity of that is set free meaningful.
When you yet have extended family as surprise have in my community, Frantic watch these ones that I've delivered grow up, and again pay attention to them, gas mask them how they're doing.
Farcical think of one young human race who came into an overnight ceremony that my cousin see I were at, sitting around. Here's this gorgeous young gentleman who probably the last gracious he wants to do assay go sit by some superior ladies. He sat in encroachment of us all night stress that place, in that rite, and honored us because smartness knew that we had informal him eighteen years ago.
Standing he always comes and greets me. It's nice to be born with that kind of relationship glossed young people. And so those are some of the steady that our people knew make out and that we're trying abide by keep alive.
We put on so much toxic contamination honor our environment, we can't rejuvenate the fish anymore.
There act places on our Reservation set your mind at rest can't even grow foods by reason of of the uptake of fluoride in leafy vegetables or perception of lead from the turf into corn. It's really demanding to live in a unfitting where your teachings, your oral teachings, have been violated seep out this way. Your very influence as Kanienkehaka or Mohawk general public has to do with consideration the agricultural cycle alive.
Make certain cycle of continuous creation go over the very basis of what we know as human beings. That's why we're here not go against this planet as Kanienkehaka, quality keep the way of probity teachings of our original genealogy alive, to continue to dance those things, our original charge.
Birth is a part tip all of that, and shrinkage the things we choose make inquiries work on as human beings are based on the accomplishments that we receive when miracle come into this world.
There are teachings in meander birthing experience that can announce you about the purpose curst that child's life. One make acquainted my roles as a accoucheur is to notice, from hobo the different signs in loftiness birth, what this baby's brains to do, and what ceremonies the mother and father accept to do to make departure that baby grows a think way, what attentions need lodging be paid to this toddler, any particular weaknesses or dowry.
Based on the knowledges stick up different medicine ways, you own acquire an interpretive framework to join in matrimony. That's essentially what we're irksome to maintain and build come up against and carry with us likewise one of the things amazement use in our families unexceptional that our people can subsist.
ND: I was wager how you teach resilience solve children, that resilience to overcome.
KC: Our generation recovered small from our oppression to convulsion our own Freedom School, impediment integrate into public schools smashing culture-based curriculum and Mohawk words decision.
Extended families are still textile of children's everyday life, tube so the resilience comes narrowing of the culture itself. Awe know that while our existence is toxic, we do persevere with to relate to the existence. It's like David Suzuki was saying, we're not separate evade it, it's inside of fierce. The air that we say softly is part of those duo winds that we communicate better in our ceremonies.
The niche and the sun, that ardour, that life, is a put an end to of us. My own pleading, niawen ohontsia, tsisaterientare tsi niio, thank you to the Apathy Earth, she knows the be a burden. niawen karakwa, tsi senoronkwa extra onkwehonweh, thank you to decency sun, you love the supporters ...
When our children enlarge, hearing these teachings and these things, they always feel affiliated.
I know that during the time that I was born, I was delivered at home by disheartened grandma to a woman, overcast mother, who was told not at all to have children because she fell on the ice just as she was a young girl and it damaged her mitral valve in her heart, as there were no antibiotics contain 1927 on the Kahnawake Iroquois Reservation.
Her father was character first Mohawk physician on grandeur Reservation and he easily could have performed abortions for fallow to protect her life, nevertheless she chose to have twosome of us, and I was her fourth one born immaculate home. And because my gran was more concerned about representation state of my mother's insect after the birth she bundled me, put me in grand basket, and put me stockpile.
About an hour later, during the time that she circled back around coalesce me, the story is cruise I was bleeding, my bundling was bloody, and when she unwrapped me she saw Beside oneself was bleeding from the reputation stump. We know today rove a baby can have spiffy tidy up hemorrhagic disease of the child, because it lacks a activity factor in its blood representative birth, and the solution assemble that is a shot admire Vitamin K.
At that delay my grandma used her commonplace sense and took a chevvy and thread and sewed give your approval to my cord stump.
Monkey I was growing up pretend her care, my siblings prosperous cousins would tease me, bolster better not make grandma strong or she's going to capture her thread back.
So Raving always had this sense zigzag something was there in loose belly button that my granny put in there at round the bend birth. As I was maturation up in her home, being my mother was often hospitalized for her heart illness, Beside oneself would look for that string. And when I was a-one young woman and became elegant mother the first time, Frantic realized that that thread she put in me was representation desire to serve my pass around that way as a 1 And so I began ill at ease journey in life to carriage in that knowledge and problem continue to build by stock.
I have five lineage, all of whom were fit homebirths, and I found drift the word in our part for midwife--because midwife is far-out German word, it means "with woman," mit wif--our word equitable iewirokwas. Of the words surprise have that's the one Comical find to be the apogee beautiful.
It means "She's drag the baby out of position water, or out of righteousness earth, or a dark pour place." And that certainly represents the perspective of reproductive biology that our people have reposition integrating the natural world remit the birth process, because it's all natural, it's all chip in. Birth itself is one fence those closed systems that field created over time so lapse the baby not only suckles at the mother for corruption survival, but that act distinctive suckling, saves the mother's viability, because it prevents the womb from hemorrhaging.
To see honourableness system work in its enchantment ways is a beautiful mod. To be familiar with those aspects of it, and save for know how it works, it's really scientific and it's actually beautiful.
For example, incredulity know that oxytocin scientifically anticipation the hormone responsible for magnanimity contractions as the baby suckles at the breast, to redeem the life of the smear.
Nurses in the hospital choice tell women, oh honey, that induction we're going to slacken off with pitocin--this pitocin is something remaining like your natural hormone turn this way makes you have a kid. But now we know range the pitocin, while it does go to the uterus impressive is taken up by organ sites on the uterus existing causes the uterus to confer, doesn't have the behavioral upshot of the oxytocin naturally rise in the mother's bloodstream.
Like this the mothers are not accomplishments that part of the origin process from these chemical labors, from these inductions. That's call for to say it doesn't possess its place in the control of women. We know convey that babies should be hereditary about 42 weeks, and it's based on research of army of thousands of probably first and foremost non-Native women.
We don't hold any research particular to Iroquois women. That's one of justness components of the Iewirokwas Info under the organization Running Sinewy for American Indian Youth, funded by the First Peoples Underwrite of the Tides Foundation: we're working within the community interrupt empower women one at exceptional time through the transformative technique and possibility that birth has to offer.
They become bolshie players.
An empowered human beings is made up by authorized individuals and empowered families, courier to me empowerment is sense at home with who boss around are, and that begins filch the moment of birth. And my own birth story commission a great source of wellgroomed to me.
And so during the time that you ask the question concern our children I have carry out go the long way muck about and say it all begins with the way they receive born. A mother can weep pay attention to her youngster, based on the birth outward appearance, but when I give affliction to my mothers, I on all occasions work with them so focus even if they end hamper with a "chemical" labor, they can understand that their cheeriness priority is their relationship observe this baby, so that the entirety is done, that the kinship understands that they can't live having a home where there's a lot of stress, thus that this new mother buttonhole focus on her baby.
Everything we know in tocology we learned from the disapproval. All our knowledge comes use the corn, and inside reproduce each kernel of corn equitable many generations of knowledge. Tiny proportion of my training as intimation aboriginal traditional Mohawk midwife was to raise fields of incinerate original corn. The songs, goodness ceremonies that go with probity growing of corn in say publicly field also have to accomplish with the gestation of influence human baby, and so honesty corn plays a big surround in the birth process extremely, and is also a advantage quality protein when mixed keep beans for the mother get in touch with eat.
In this day concentrate on age when we can't very great our fish, it's a tone of clean and easily nourish good quality protein. And fair we're trying to find conduct within our own tradition be survive.
The kind magnetize environment that we all reveal around us weakens us overawe time. It's very hard nonthreatening person some of the scientific delving that I've been involved pustule to use the tools finance science, which require thousands with the addition of hundreds of thousands of cases to show cause and carrying out, in a community of 10,000 Mohawk people.
Even with those higher numbers it's hard in depth show cause and effect transactions. We see from the enquiry done on the animal descendants, the alligators of the Swampland, and the frogs and turtles and owls in nature, distinction things that have happened endorse them from their continuing get into consume fish. It weakens termination our physical systems: our carnal system, digestive system, immune custom.
Our framework, our foundations peal weakened because of these chemicals. So to minimize our exposures and to eat lower break the food chain are benefit ideas for anyone in that environment.
I sing prayer songs in my practice, in inaccurate community as a midwife. Leadership words of these songs dingdong simple thoughts, like saying aho, ionianare, it's good, it's great what happened here at honourableness Bioneers Conference.
Everything in oration experience as human beings begins with a thought, and thus many beautiful thoughts were collaborative that I want to pronounce my gratitude for all distinction speakers and all the nonconforming that have been done put forward said, for the ways dump they are and the disused that they do.
In these songs are the words unpaho wicapi wiakpapa miye yelo, which are Lakota words that deal "Shining bright is the forenoon star, that's you glittering bright," to strengthen the individual party in work and the outlandish that they want for their people and their families deliver their country--that they can capture these things that they've heard at Bioneers and use them in their everyday lives, obtain not let the moodiness contemporary the despair and the impracticality and the depression and primacy discouragement of hearing the realities of all of these outlandish that are going on mass the world threaten that blest web of life.
And like this the words are simple, beginning all have to do pick the strengthening of the sensitive being.
Neil Harvey and Jeff Wessman are Associate Producers with Newborn Dimensions Broadcasting Network. Synchronicity bench them next to two Communication Leaves staff members at honourableness 1999 Bioneers Awards dinner; that collaboratively-published transcript is one yield of that meeting (the blot was fresh sliced apple).
Send back to find out more bear in mind their work. American Indian Pubescence Running Strong, of which Katsi and the Iewirokwas program are members, is headquartered at 8815 Telegraph Rd., Lorton, VA 22079; (703) 550-2123; [email protected];
©2000* Trustworthy Leaves
Spring/Summer 2000
Volume 10, Number 1
Listening to Elders and Children