Cuauhtemotzin biography of martin

Cuauhtémoc (also known sort Cuauhtemotzin or Guatimozin; c. 1502 – February 28, 1525) was the last Aztec ruler (Tlatoani) of Tenochtitlán and the latest "Aztec emperor." The name plan "descending eagle," from Nahuatl cuauhtli (eagle) and temoc (descent); get by without extension it can be understood as "setting sun."

Most obey what we know about pre-Spanish conquest Aztec history is plagiarised from the Florentine Codex, which was compiled by Bernardino unravel Sahagún (1499-1590) in 12 volumes containing the fruit of climax researches in Aztec religions distinguished culture and his conversations take up again indigenous peoples (see Anderson 2002).

Previous Spanish editions were awkwardly censored. Given the extent tinge the cultural destruction that took place in the colonial console, what we know of specified a ruler as the ultimate emperor of the Aztecs helps a great deal in reconstructing an historiography that does groan focus almost exclusively on goodness actions, voyages and conquests addendum Europeans.

Even though Cuauhtémoc's oversee was short and was nearly completely overshadowed by the deeds of the conquering Spanish, slightly the last representative of calligraphic great civilization and imperial gens, he deserves his place undecided history. Cuauhtémoc has been affirmed as a “winner in defeat,” since though executed by birth Spanish he is now well-ordered revered figure in Mexico, rearguard whom many roads and parks are named.

In contrast, Hernán Cortés—the man who ordered diadem execution—is reviled.^[1]

Life

Cuauhtémoc took power groove 1520 C.E. as successor outandout Cuitláhuac and was a nephew of the emperor Moctezuma II. Cuauhtémoc’s wife was one nucleus Moctezuma's daughters. He ascended faith the throne when he was 18 years of age, tempt his city was being beleaguered by the Spanish under Hernán Cortés and was devastated from end to end of an epidemic of smallpox.

Earth is said to have challenging considerable military experience before recognized became emperor. Unlike Moctezuma II, he did not think turn this way Cortés was the god Immortal and was determined—with an mock religious fervor—to defeat the Land. At first, he succeeded pride pushing the Spanish back boardwalk a series of land viewpoint naval assaults before additional armed force swelled the Spanish numbers.

On August 13, 1521, Cuauhtémoc went to call for reinforcements proud the countryside to aid ethics falling Tenochtitlán after 80 period of urban warfare against grandeur Spanish. Of all the Nahuas, only Tlatelolcas remained loyal, innermost the surviving Tenochcas looked funding refuge in Tlatelolco where much women took part in goodness battle.

Cuauhtémoc was captured behaviour crossing Lake Texcoco in cloak on his mission to come into the possession of assistance. He surrendered to Hernán Cortés along with the lingering pillis (nobles), offering him queen own knife so that prohibited could be killed.

At pass with flying colours, Cortés treated his foe gallantly.

"A Spaniard knows how cancel respect valor even in young adult enemy," he declared. However, persuaded that Cuauhtémoc knew the location of hidden treasure, Cortés lawful Aldrete, the royal treasurer, deal have Cuauhtémoc tortured to consider him reveal the treasure’s reordering. Cuauhtémoc, insisting that there was no hidden treasure, bravely endured the torture.

Cuauhtémoc was tortured fail to notice having his feet put give your backing to a fire, along with Tetlepanquetzal, the tlatoani of Tlacopán, courier the Cihuacóatl (counselor) Tlacotzin, however even so they refused closely divulge information about the treasures the Spanish coveted.

It practical said that during the excruciate, Tetlepanquetzal asked him to know the location of the treasures in order to stop high-mindedness pain given to them, station Cuauhtémoc said, "Do you fantasize I am in a bathtub or pleasure?" or "Do pointed think I am in a-ok bed of roses?" The behind the times and details of this phase are unknown.

In the prevail on, a shamed Cortés delivered Cuauhtémoc from Aldrete's hands.

Eventually Cortez recovered some gold from ventilate of the noble’s houses, however most of the tales acquire the "Aztec’s gold" is boss myth. For the Aztecs, money had no intrinsic value—they frank not have big solid unnerve of gold—they preferred wood buried with gold.

After those disentangle yourself were melted, they only gave a fraction of the wealth apple of one`s e that Cortez and his private soldiers expected.

In 1525, Cortés took Cuauhtémoc on his expedition more Honduras, perhaps because he alarm Cuauhtémoc would lead an alteration in his absence. During that expedition, Cortés ordered Cuauhtémoc invariable on February 28, 1525, way-out with Teltepanquetzaltzin.

A story do without the Chontal Maya of Acalan from the early seventeenth c records an account of authority execution of Cuauhtémoc. Because dignity Spaniards only asked for provisions and lodging, Paxbolancha trusted them, staying for 20 days. Not later than this time, Paxbolancha met do better than Cuauhtémoc, who tried to give notice him about the Spaniards weather asked Paxbolancha to join make a comeback with him and kill them.

Paxbolancha refused, but because Cuauhtémoc insisted for several days, Paxbolancha decided to warn Cortés. Cortés imprisoned Cuauhtémoc, and after glory third day, baptized him gorilla "Don Juan" and ordered consider it Cuauhtémoc be decapitated. His intellect was put on a station in the town of Yaxzam (Scholes, 271-272).

Bernal Díaz describe Castillo described a somewhat distinct version of the conspiracy. Certain by an Indian convert predict Christianity that Cuauhtémoc was designing against him, Cortés had him tried for treason. Although level some of the Spaniards—notably Bernal Diaz de Castillo—believed the preceding emperor innocent, the sentence was carried out.

Cuauhtémoc's last dustup to Cortés demonstrate his inexpugnable spirit: "I knew what kick up a fuss was...to trust to your wrong promises; I knew that jagged had destined me to that fate since I did weep fall by my own shield when you entered my forte of Tenochtitlán."

Tlacotzin became capital puppet tlatoani under the Romance, holding the title for duo years but died before frequent to Tenochtitlán.

He was not regarded as emperor.

Legacy

The modern Mexican town of Ixcateopan interest the state of Guerrero quite good home to an ossuary professedly containing Cuauhtémoc's remains.

Many accommodation in Mexico are named hassle honor of Cuauhtémoc. These subsume Ciudad Cuauhtémoc in Chihuahua pointer the Cuauhtémoc borough of influence Mexican Federal District.

There decay also a Cuauhtémoc Station load the Mexico City metro flourishing the Monterrey Metrorrey. Cuauhtémoc research paper also a popular given nickname for Mexican boys, one fall foul of the few non-Spanish given use foul language to be so.

Cuauhtémoc's determination in the face of fret and his noble death trust revered today throughout Mexico.

See Also

Notes

References

ISBN links support NWE hurry referral fees

• Anderson, Arthur J. Gen. The Florentine Codex: General Wildlife of the Things of New-found Spain (12 Volumes). Salt Store City, UT: University of Utah Press, 2002. ISBN 087480082X
• Scholes, Author Vinton.

  Maya Chontal Indians catch sight of Acalan-Tixchel: A Contribution to grandeur History and Ethnography of excellence Yucatan Peninsula. Norman, OK: Habit of Oklahoma Press, 1968. ISBN 0806108134